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Dr Roughan, University of Newcastle

Neoplasia and pain in laboratory animals

Aims

Tumour-bearing laboratory animals, mice in particular, are widely used by scientists as model systems for the study of cancer and therapeutic advances in its treatment. However, no systematic and objective studies have been undertaken to investigate tumour-induced pain in laboratory animals. The proposed research aims to evaluate tumour-induced pain in rodents, and to develop a practical and reliable system for pain measurement.

Methods

Specifically, the research will ask the following questions:
1. Are animal tumour models associated with host pain?
2. Can host pain be detected by behaviour analysis?
3. Can behavioural changes that indicate pain be attenuated by analgesics?
4. Are tumour growth and behavioural changes associated with the development of hyperalgesia and allodynia?
5. Is tumour growth associated with increased self-administration of analgesics?

Different models will be used to define the circumstances under-which pain could occur in tumour-bearing animals. Using an approach already shown to be successful for assessing post-operative pain in rodents, a reliable system that will detect pain and other tumour-induced adverse effects, will be developed. This assessment system will then be used to evaluate pain severity and duration, and to develop strategies to prevent and alleviate pain, and other adverse effects, in animals used in cancer research.

Implications for the 3Rs

One of the challenges in research involving animals with neoplasia is to accurately determine appropriate humane end-points. Improving the assessment of tumour-induced pain will have a positive impact on the welfare of a large number of animals. The results of this study will be important for future research into identifying tumour-induced pain, the development of pain alleviation strategies in other rodent species, and attempts to refine the use of animals in cancer research.

Publications

  1. Roughan JV, Sufka K, Coulter CA, Flecknell PA The conditioned place preference paradigm for assessing cancer pain in mice. European Journal of Pain, In press
  2. Roughan JV, Wright-Williams SL and Flecknell PA (2009) Automated analysis of post-operative behaviour: assessment of HomeCageScan as a novel method to rapidly identify pain and analgesic effects in mice. Laboratory Animals 43 (1), 17-26
    Read the abstract
  3. Wright-Williams SL, Courade JP, Richardson CA, Roughan JV and Flecknell PA (2007) Effects of vasectomy surgery and meloxicam treatment on faecal corticosterone levels and behaviour in two strains of laboratory mouse. Pain 130 (1-2), 108-118
    Read the abstract